Subfamily Eurymelinae: Tribe Eurymelini
Gumtree hoppers
- Species of Eurymelini known to occur in Australia
- Key to genera of Eurymelini
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Eurymeloides bicincta (Erichson)
The Eurymelini are commonly known as gum treehoppers (or gumtree hoppers) because all species are found only on eucalypts. Adults and nymphs are usually found in groups tended by ants. Unlike most leafhopper nymphs, eurymeline nymphs don't jump but avoid predators by running around the twig or branch when disturbed. The presence of ants presumably helps to discourage predators and the bright black and white or red and black colouring is probably aposematic, warning of the protection that the ants provide.
Status of the Subfamily Eurymelinae
There has been considerable discussion about the status of the subfamily and its validity as a family in its own right. The eurymelids differ from all other leafhoppers in the structure of the genitalia and venation of the tegmen which provide evidence that they may form a sister group to other Cicadellidae. In particular, in the male genitalia, the aedeagus lacks any connection with the parameres, being suspended from the dorsal parts of the pygofer. This is a basic and consistent condition in the Eurymelinae and is secondary in certain cicadellid groups in which a similar condition occasionally occurs.
Species
of Eurymelini known to occur in Australia
Genus Aloeurymela EvansAloeurymela Evans 1965: 85 |
|
Aloeurymela gearyi Evans Aloeurymela gearyi Evans 1965: 85 |
Qld, NSW, WA |
Aloeurymela langfieldi Evans Aloeurymela langfieldi Evans 1966: 59 |
WA |
Genus Dremuela EvansDremuela Evans 1966: 60 |
|
Dremuela hieroglyphica Evans Dremuela hieroglyphica Evans 1966: 60 |
NSW, Vic |
Genus Eurymela Le Peletier & ServilleEurymela Le Peletier & Serville 1825: 604 |
|
Eurymela bakeri Evans Eurymela bakeri Evans 1933: 78 [update: image added 6.vii.2006] |
NSW, ACT |
Eurymela distincta Signoret Eurymela distincta Signoret 1850:
506
Known hosts: Eucalyptus bridgesiana, E. botryoides (Myrtaceae) (Evans 1931, Rosario, et al. 1992), E. viminalis, E. macarthuri, E. aggregata (Myrtaceae), Hakea sericea (Proteaceae) (Day and Fletcher 1994) |
Qld, NSW, ACT,
Vic, Tas |
Eurymela erythrocnemis Burmeister Eurymela erythrocnemis Burmeister 1838: Pl.14 |
NSW, Vic |
Eurymela fenestrata Le Peletier and Serville Eurymela fenestrata Le Peletier and Serville
1825:
604
|
Qld, NSW, Vic,
WA, SA, Tas |
Eurymela intermedia Evans Eurymela intermedia Evans 1969b: 55 |
NSW, Qld |
Eurymela rubrolimbata Kirkaldy Eurymela rubrolimbata Kirkaldy 1906: 354 |
NSW |
Eurymela walkeri Metcalf Eurymela suffusa Walker 1858b:
83, preoccupied by Eurymela suffusa Walker 1851:
641
|
"Australia" |
Genus Eurymelessa EvansEurymelessa Evans 1933: 88 |
|
Eurymelessa moruyana (Distant) Eurymeloides moruyana Distant 1917a:
188
Known hosts: Eucalyptus dalrympleana (Myrtaceae) (Day and Fletcher 1994) |
Qld, NSW, Vic,
PNG |
Genus Eurymelita EvansEurymelessa Evans 1933: 89 |
|
Eurymelita terminalis (Walker) Eurymela terminalis Walker 1851:
642
|
Qld, NSW, Vic,
SA, WA |
Genus Eurymeloides AshmeadEurymeloides Ashmead 1889:
126 |
|
Eurymeloides adspersa (Signoret) Eurymela adspersa Signoret 1850:
510
|
NSW, PNG |
Eurymeloides bicincta (Erichson) Eurymela bicincta Erichson 1842:
286
Known hosts: Eucalyptus delegatensis, E. macrorhyncha (Myrtaceae) (Stevens 1985), E. gummifera, E. blakelyi, E. robertsoni, E. pauciflora (Myrtaceae) (Day and Fletcher 1994) |
Qld, NSW, VIc,
Tas, SA |
Eurymeloides lineata (Signoret) Eurymela lineata Signoret 1850:
509
Known hosts: Eucalyptus viminalis (Myrtaceae) (Stevens 1985) |
Qld, NSW, Vic,
SA, Tas, WA |
Eurymeloides marmorata (Burmeister) Eurymela marmorata Burmeister 1838
Known hosts: Eucalyptus viminalis (Myrtaceae) (Stevens 1985) |
Qld, NSW, Vic,
Tas, SA |
Eurymeloides minutum Evans Eurymeloides minutum Evans 1933: 87 |
NSW, SA |
Eurymeloides musgravei Evans Eurymeloides musgravei Evans 1966: 67 |
NSW, ACT, Vic |
Eurymeloides perpusilla (Walker) Eurymela perpusilla Walker 1858b:
83
|
Qld, NSW, Vic,
Tas |
Eurymeloides pulchra (Signoret) Eurymela pulchra Signoret 1850:
508
Known hosts: Eucalyptus blakelyi, E. amplifolia, E. camaldulensis (Myrtaceae) (Stevens 1985) |
Qld, NSW, ACT,
Vic, Tas, SA |
Eurymeloides punctata (Signoret) Eurymela punctata Signoret 1850:
511
Known hosts: Myrtaceae - Eucalyptus blakelyi, E. dalrympleana, E. nicholii, E. pauciflora (Stevens 1985), E. viminalis, E. mannifera (Rosario, et al. 1992), E. macarthuri, E. aggregrata (Day and Fletcher 1994) |
Qld, NSW, ACT,
Vic, Tas, SA, WA, PNG |
Eurymeloides walkeri Distant Eurymeloides walkeri Distant 1908a:
102
Known hosts: Eucalyptus gomphocephala (Myrtaceae) (Stevens 1985) |
WA |
Genus Eurymelops KirkaldyEurymelops Kirkaldy 1906: 350 |
|
Eurymelops bicolor (Burmeister) Eurymela bicolor Burmeister 1838
|
Qld, NSW, ACT,
Vic, SA, Solomon Islands |
Eurymelops generosa (Stål) Eurymela generosa Stål 1865:
156
|
Qld, WA |
Eurymelops latifascia (Walker) Eurymela latifascia Walker 1851:
639
|
NSW, Vic, SA, WA |
Eurymelops rubrovittata (Amyot & Serville) Eurymela rubrovittata Amyot & Serville
1843:
555
|
ACT, Qld, Vic, WA |
Genus Eurypella EvansEurypella Evans1966: 58 |
|
Eurypella tasmaniensis (Evans) Bakeriola tasmaniensis Evans 1947c:
227
|
Tas, Vic |
Genus Pauripo EvansPauripo Evans 1934: 161 |
|
Pauripo insularis Evans Pauripo insularis Evans 1934:
161
|
Qld, NSW, Vic, SA |
Genus Pauroeurymela EvansPauroeurymela Evans 1933: 79 |
|
Pauroeurymela amplicincta (Walker) Eurymela amplicincta Walker 1858b:
84
|
NSW, Vic |
Pauroeurymela parva Evans Pauroeurymela parva Evans 1933: 79 |
NSW, Vic |
Genus Platyeurymela EvansPlatyeurymela Evans 1933: 78 |
|
Platyeurymela semifascia (Walker) Eurymela semifascia Walker 1851:
643
|
NSW, Vic, Tas, SA |